A key piece of pool equipment — alongside the liner, basin, and structure — the skimmer is one of the components that keeps your pool functioning properly. It plays a critical role in filtering your pool water by capturing the largest surface impurities before they sink. Despite being so essential, most pool owners don't know the full story on skimmers.
Here's everything you need to know — what a pool skimmer is, how it works, how to install it, and how to keep it in top shape.
What Is a Pool Skimmer?
Also called a surface skimmer, a pool skimmer is one of the main entry points of your pool's filtration system. It's a rectangular sealed plastic unit built into the pool wall that skims the water's surface to remove large debris — leaves, insects, dirt, and more.
To meet standard requirements, the skimmer needs to filter all the water in your pool 5 to 6 times per day for a clean, safe swim. Its primary job is to draw surface water into the filtration circuit before it's returned clean to the pool.
Of the three entry points in a pool filtration system (main drain, vacuum port, and skimmer), the skimmer is the only one dedicated to surface water filtration — making it indispensable for pool hygiene.
What Are the Parts of a Pool Skimmer?
A pool skimmer is made up of several key components:
- The opening: the rectangular (or sometimes square) inlet through which water is drawn in — the part you can see from outside the pool.
- The non-return flap: a movable cover that prevents captured debris from flowing back into the pool when the water moves.
- The basket: sits inside the skimmer and collects large debris. Needs to be emptied and rinsed regularly to keep the system running cleanly.
- The pre-filter: a removable filter bag inside the basket that catches finer particles. Like the basket, it needs regular cleaning and replacement.
- The access hatch: located on the pool deck, this gives you easy access to the basket and pre-filter for maintenance.
- The flow regulator: adjusts the water flow rate to match the pump's capacity.
Here are our TOP 4 recommended pool skimmers:
What Does a Pool Skimmer Do?
A pool skimmer does more than just filter water. Here's a full breakdown of its functions — and how it all works in this video:
Pool Filtration
The skimmer's primary role is filtering pool water — capturing large debris on the surface before the water moves through the rest of the filtration system.
Water Flow Regulation
Most skimmers include a flow regulator that adjusts water flow to match your pump's capacity — keeping everything running efficiently.
Overflow Drainage
To prevent overflow during heavy rain, the skimmer has an outlet that can be connected to a drainage pipe to redirect excess water away from the pool.
Connection for Pool Cleaning Equipment
Via its suction nozzle, the skimmer allows you to connect pool cleaning accessories like a manual vacuum or a hydraulic pool robot — sending debris straight to the filter.
Distribution of Pool Treatment Products
The skimmer can also receive liquid and solid pool treatment products, diluting them evenly as water passes through the filtration system — preventing overconcentration in any one area of the pool.
How to Install a Pool Skimmer
Before installing, calculate how many skimmers you need based on your pool's surface area. The standard recommendation is one skimmer per 270–320 sq ft of pool surface, rounding up as needed.
Next, choose the ideal location for each unit. The skimmer should sit at the waterline — professionals recommend submerging it slightly so it doesn't draw in air, which also gives a cleaner look.
Crucially, the water level must not exceed 2/3 of the skimmer opening — this ensures the non-return flap functions correctly. Make sure all skimmers are installed at the same level and ideally facing the prevailing wind direction so debris naturally flows toward them.
For best results, position skimmers opposite the return jets to maximize water circulation. If possible, install them along the pool's width. Always ensure the pipe diameter matches the flow rate of your filtration system.
How to Maintain a Pool Skimmer
Regular maintenance keeps your skimmer and filtration system running at their best. During swim season, clean each skimmer at least once a week.
Open the access hatch, remove all debris from the basket and pre-filter, then rinse thoroughly with a jet of water to prevent clogging and buildup. This simple routine keeps your filtration running efficiently.
Inspect all components regularly — especially during heavy use periods. Keep the non-return flap clean to protect your pump, and replace any damaged parts right away to maintain clean, safe water at all times.
How Much Does a Pool Skimmer Cost?
Pool skimmer prices vary based on the model, brand, and type of pool it's designed for. Inground pool models typically cost more than above-ground versions. Additional features like integrated lighting or a mirror finish also push the price up.
As a general guide, prices can range from budget-friendly options for above-ground pools all the way up to premium inground models. Always compare brands and distributors to find the best value for your setup.
Also check out our guide on how to heat your pool for more essential pool tips.
And don't forget to browse our pool float collection to add some fun and personality to your pool area:
FAQ: Pool Skimmer
What is a pool skimmer for?
A skimmer is an suction device installed in the pool wall, generally at the water surface. Its role is to continuously draw in floating debris (leaves, insects, sunscreen, greasy residues) before they sink to the bottom. A well-adjusted skimmer keeps the water surface clean and reduces the load on the filter.
How many skimmers does my pool need?
The general rule is one skimmer per 25 to 30 m² of water surface. For an 8 m × 4 m pool (32 m²), one skimmer is sufficient. For a 10 m × 5 m pool or larger, plan two skimmers placed at opposite ends for optimum surface coverage. Positioning should take prevailing winds into account.
How do I clean the skimmer basket?
Clean the skimmer basket at least once a week in season (more often if your garden has many trees). Switch off the pump, open the skimmer lid, remove the basket, empty it and rinse it with clean water. A blocked basket reduces suction flow and overheats the pump.
Why is my skimmer drawing in air?
A skimmer drawing in air may indicate: a water level that is too low (the skimmer mouth should be half-submerged), a leak on the suction pipe, a worn seal in the skimmer or a crack in the shell. Check the water level first; if it is correct, call a pool specialist to detect the leak.
Can a skimmer be installed on an above-ground pool?
Yes, surface skimmers adapted for above-ground pools exist (floating skimmers or clip-on skimmers for liner edges). These models do not require piercing the liner; they connect directly to the filtration pump via a specific fitting. It is an economical solution to improve surface cleaning of an above-ground pool.
